On Jan 3 is the Iowa Caucus, the first contest (or something)
in the US Presidential race.
The question arises: Which presidents knew the
most mathematics? The question has several answers
depending on how you define "know" and "mathematics".
Rather than answer it, I'll list a few who know some mathematics.
Jimmy Carter (President 1976-1980, lost re-election) was trained as a
Nuclear Engineer, so he knew some math a long time before becoming
president. (I do not know if he ever actually had a job as an
Engineer.) I doubt he knew much when he was president.
Herbert Hoover (President 1928-1932, lost re-election) was a Mining
Engineer and actually did it for a while and was a success. Even so, I
doubt he know much when he was president.
James Garfield (President 1881-1881, he was assassinated)
Had a classical education and came up with a new proof of the
Pythagorean Theorem
Thomas Jefferson (President 1801-1809)
had a classical education and is regarded by historians
as being a brilliant man. He invented a
Crypto system
in 1795.
Note that this is only 6 years before becoming president, so
he surely knew some math when he was president.
Misc: Lyndon B. Johnson was a high school math teacher,
Ulysses S. Grant wanted to me one but became president instead.
George Washington was a surveyor
which needs some math. Many of the early presidents
had classical educations which would include Euclid.
And lastly, Warren G. Harding got an early draft of
Van Der Waerden's theorem, conjectured the polynomial VDW,
but was only able to proof the quadratic case (not surprising—he
is known as one of our dumber presidents).
I would guess that Jimmy Carter and Herbert Hoover knew more math
(there was far more to know) then Jefferson, but Jefferson knew
more as a percent of what there was to know, then Carter and
Hoover. Garfield, while quite smart, probably does not rank
in either category.
I don't think any of the current major candidates were trained in Math.
Hillary Clinton, Barack Obama, John Edwards, Rudy Guilliani, and Mitt Romney
were all trained as lawyers. Rudy Guillian and Mitt Romney have been
businessman as well. Huckabee was a minister, McCain was a soldier.
I do not know what they majored in as undergrads.
Speaking of presidents, did you see Elon Musk's interview on Think Tank. He was asked about politicians. He said "George W Bush is like Reagon without the brains."
Elon Musk is the founder/cofounder of PayPal, Tesla motors, Solar City, SpaceX, one of the most talented Silicon Valley businessman and physicist.
I guess the real question is to what extent this knowledge translates into something of consequence. On a recent trip to MPI in Germany, I had dinner with an academic who knew Angela Merkel from her quantum chemistry days (she's published in that area). So, a good question would be - is the president's scientific background making a difference "on the ground"? I'd be curious to know...
A currently relevant question is whether a 1972 PhD from the University of Warwick (UK) in Algebraic Topology will help this former vice-president of Kenya un-knot the current electoral crisis in Kenya.
Regarding Carter: He does have a BS in physics and did do some graduate work in nuclear physics -- he planned to work on a nuclear sub for the Navy before he changed his mind and went into politics.
I don't know if he ever was a practicing engineer, but I think he worked for a nuclear power plant for a while. Chances are he knew some math at one point.
Interesting post. Many on that list are considered failures. It should probably be a warning to the numerically inclined not to micro-manage things. As a leader of a large organization you need to learn how to spend your time load balancing instead of doing the computation yourself.
In his autobiography, Ulysses S Grant writes about the possibility of his becoming a mathematics teacher at the US Military Academy at West Point, or at "some other respectable college."